Having a hot semi-arid climate, it stretches across the south-central latitudes of Northern Africa between the Atlantic Ocean and the Red Sea. Register or login to make commenting easier. Also, many scoter, majestic flamingos, kingfishers, and lazy pelicans. Sudan Savanna Sudan Savanna Source: Nigeria First National Biodiversity Report (2001). Poultry is also kept while donkeys, camels and horses are equally reared This type of vegetation is dependent on the coastal location of the zone. It supports a large number of migrant bird species such as the Grey Heron, white-necked stork, Green Fruit Pigeon, etc. A few of them have twisted trunks. The outcome of this fire is the obvious appearance of the trees in the region. In the Niger Delta part of the country, fishing is very common. The level of infestation of cereal fields by S. hermonthica was in the order of Sudan savanna > Northern Guinea > Southern Guinea. The biggest trees amongst them are more than 6+0m high. And this is responsible for the low vegetation in these areas. 1 and 2). Lets look at the various vegetation zones below: High-mountainous multi-tiered tropical forests have been preserved mainly along the right bank of the lower reaches of the River Niger and in the valley of the River Cross. Many of the people are Muslims. Relative humidity is lower here, and soils are drier. This is because the region is perfect for animal husbandry and farming. These trees are classified into the top, middle and lower layers based on the level of the forest where they exist. Farm of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, in the Sudan Savanna ecological zone of Nigeria (latitude 1301'N; longitude 515'E, altitude of 350 m above sea level) to study the effect of water stress, sowing date and cultivar on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum . This is the reason why the grasses and the plants in the region are always short. Flora, fauna and other forms of life such as fungi are collectively referred to as biota. This is a lesson from the tutorial, Ecology and you are encouraged to log Adamawa and Plateau states are the two states in Nigeria where this vegetation type exist. Various mangrove vegetation in Nigeria is sustained due to the condition of the Saline Water. There are always observable features to differentiate these four climates. In this article, the types of savanna in Nigeria would be discussed extensively. The Sudan savannah is a type of vegetation in the north of the Guinea savanna. Montane vegetation in Nigeria is mostly found along the right bank of the lower reaches of the river Niger and in the valley of the River Cross. Herds of sheep, cattle, and goats graze on vast pastures. Sudan, the vast tract of open savanna plains extending across Africa between the southern limits of the Sahara (desert) and the northern limits of the equatorial rain forests. Also, the wood from the trees in the savanna is used to build yam barns and fence the rural areas. And then the dry season lasts more than six to seven months. Typical trees in the western block of the ecoregion include Anogeissus leiocarpus, Kigelia aethiopica, Vachellia seyal, and species of Combretum and Terminalia. Nigerian rivers and lakes are full of fish. This type of Savannah is found in the northern belt of the country. Legit.ng recently explored the main economic problems plaguing Nigeria. The juice of the wine palm is used to produce wine. The Sahel savanna is known to have trees with relatively narrow leaves. Five bird species are considered endemic, including two strict endemics, Reichenow's firefinch and Foxs weaver. The trees are also thorny. Soil and climatic conditions contribute to the growing of cocoa, peanuts, oil palm, cotton and many tropical crops. This is a semiarid region that extends from Senegal eastward to Sudan. The vegetation in this zone largely depends on the coastal location of the region. In the Sudan savanna, early season and terminal drought conditions are almost an annual event (Onyibe et al., 2006). You can find the Sudan savanna in the northern part of the Guinea savanna. One of the defining characteristics of the Sahel Savanna in Nigeria is its low precipitation. In summary, we use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Some of the most common plants in Guinea Savannah include elephant grass, kaya, mitragyna, and isoberlinia. The most precious vegetation in Nigerian forests are kaya and sapel, iroko and opepe, agba and obche. As a result, Nigeria has different vegetation, each of which has unique features. Rainy seasons decline correspondingly in length as one moves north, with Kano having an average rainy period of 120 to 130 days, and Katsina and Sokoto having rainy . How to send and receive money through PayPal in Nigeria: is it available? To the south the forest-savanna mosaic forms a transition zone between the Sudanian savanna and the Guineo-Congolian forests that lie nearer the equator. The Mangrove vegetation region is an ecological belt found in the Nigerian areas bordering the Atlantic Ocean. & Omoigui, L. (2006). The states of Niger, Kaduna, Adamawa, Bauchi, and Gombe are found in the Nigerian Guinea savannah. The grasses present here are extremely short. The mangrove swamp forest region occupies much of Nigeria's southern coast. The savanna region in Nigeria plays a vital role in the Nigerian economy. Much of the Sudanian savanna region is used in the form of parklands, where useful trees, such as shea, baobab, locust-bean tree and others are spared from cutting, while sorghum, maize, millet or other crops are cultivated beneath. S. aspera infested 4059% of rice fields and S. densiflora infested 2760% of millet fields and fallow. The area is generally covered by grasses but the slopes are covered by forests. This zone is characterized by moist grasslands, with precipitation ranging between 1000 and 1400 mm per year. INTRODUCTION. This study is aimed to detect weed hosts of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) in field-grown tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Sudan savanna regions (Gombe, Jigawa and Kano states) of Nigeria during 2017 and 2018 dry and wet seasons. This vegetation type is limited to the high mountain plateau of Nigeria. Herds of elephants roam these savannas in Chad, Central African Republic and . Other common plants include the African myrrh, Acacia, and Ngibbi. The Sahel belt of drier acacia savanna lies to the north, and beyond that is the Sahara Desert. The tropical conditions of the south are favorable for the growth of trees. The lower layer species are the undergrowth vegetation and have the highest density possible. This zone is characterized by a short rainy season and a long, intensely dry season. And then the dry season lasts more than six to seven months. Sudan savanna vegetation zones of Nigeria This zone is covered with more grasses and short scattered trees and has an annual rainfall of 50 cm to 75 cm. in the east Nigeria share border with Cameroon and Chad and in the east in the west, Nigeria shares land borders with the Republic of Benin, and in the north, a border was shared with the Niger Republic. You can learn more about how we use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page. This type of vegetation is limited to the coastal strip of Nigeria. Central Africa Biodiversity Conservation Programme Protecting Central Africas Elephants Appraisal Report. Nigeria is the worlds largest producer with 2.1 million tones followed by Niger with Malaria, immunoglobulins and antimalarial antibodies in haemoglobin AC individuals Ann Trop Med Parasitol. Click See First under the Following tab to see Legit.ng News on your Facebook News Feed! Due to an average low temperature in Nigeria, the Montane vegetation is not usually well developed which cause a lot of effect in man and Animal. The top layer of trees consists of a great number of plants that grow higher than 30 meters. . It covers an area less than two kilometers in width. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "aa5d5c9d9a6bf8631f8e1775ffcb9ee8" );document.getElementById("a709592583").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); For Sponsorship opportunities, kindly reach out to us through our email or what's app link via the contact us page. The soil in the Mangrove zone is extremely poor and contains salt. The vegetation of Nigeria is diverse, in the far north and east, where there is almost no rain, the so-called Sahel (deserted) extends. This vegetation area is characterized by tall trees. Nigeria is rich with different insects. Precipitation here is between 500-1000 mm per annum with a period of dryness lasting between 6-7 calendar months per year. It lies between latitudes 19.06 0 N and 10.05 0 N and longitudes 5.32 0 E and 10.10 0 E at an altitude range of 250m and 461m. Infestation of cowpea with S. gesnerioides was in the order of Northern Guinea savanna > Sudan savanna > Southern Guinea savanna. What are the 10 economic problems that Nigeria is facing. The East Sudanian Savanna has low rates of faunal endemism, with only one strictly endemic mammal (Gounda mouse), and two strictly endemic reptiles (Moila snake and Wilsons snake-eyed skink). The freshwater is supplied by inland rivers and rainfalls. There are a good number of protected areas, however, many are not adequately enforced or policed. The zone is slightly wetter than the Sahel Savannah and receives between 500 and 1000 mm of rainfall each year. Almoravid attacks in the 11th century reduced its power and led to its replacement by the Mali, or Mandingo, empire, centred on the upper Niger River. Field trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of rates of Phosphorus fertilizer and intra-row spacings on growth and yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) in the Sudan Savana zone of Nigeria, during 2018 cropping season at Mohammet Treatments and experimental design The treatments consisted of three seed rates at (3, 6, 9 kg ha-1), two sowing methods (broadcasting, dibbling) and three poultry manure rates at [0, 2.5, 5.0 t ha-1, NPK (90 kg N + 60 kg P 2O5 + Results of field experiments to measure the influence of shelterbelts on wind velocity, air temperature, soil temperature, soil moisture and yield of millet in a semi-arid environ- ment are presented. The Guinea savanna is known to have a few dispersed tall trees. Various species of elephant grass dominate in this area. They include Dinder National Park in Sudan, Radom and Boma National Parks in South Sudan, as well as Zakouma National Park in Chad, Manovo-Gounda-Saint Floris and Bamingui-Bangoran National Parks in Central African Republic, Gambella National Park in Ethiopia, and Mount Kei Wildlife Sanctuary in Uganda. The Guinea Savannah features a large mixture of trees and grass. A section of Taraba State is in this region. The states of Akwa-Ibom, Rivers, and Delta are partly in this region. Bioregion: Lake Turkana-Sudd Grasslands, Bushlands & Forests (AT21), States: Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic, Sudan, South Sudan, Uganda, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Eritrea. As a result, the vegetation of the Sahel zone is largely comprised of short, hardy grasses. Nigeria is situated in the area where the climate is usually the training period and dry season. In the depressions of the relief, on the shores of freshwater lagoons, on the internal marshes and in the delta of the Niger (where salt water does not penetrate), the appearance of the forest is different. Lake Chad in the western Sudan is a centre for interior drainage. In the middle of this season, a smoke screen rises over the savanna: the dry grass burns, which is burned from year to year with the purpose of preparing the land for crops. Nigeria with about 180,000,000 people used to be blessed with abundant forest resources but presently contributing about 2.5% to the Gross Domestic Products. During the dry season the ground dries out, most of the trees lose their leaves and the grasses dry up and may burn. Nigeria - a large area including the cities of Ibadan, which means where the forest meets the savanna, the country's capital Abuja, Lokoja where the River Niger and River Benue meet, Enugu, and Makurdi. PAY ATTENTION: Subscribe to Digital Talk newsletter to receive must-know business stories and succeed BIG! The priority conservation actions for the next decade will be to: 1) strengthen and implement trans-boundary management of anti-poaching measures, for example on the CAR-Chad-Cameroon borders; 2) distribute new water sources in a way that avoids cattle overgrazing; and 3) restore degraded ecosystems to enhance carbon stocks and combat desertification. The annual precipitation is poor, and the wet season lasts 3 to 4 months, so the vegetation of this zone is rare and the present grasses are extremely short. They do not only provide food for animals, but they also provide food for humans. West to East zonation patterns in Nigeria is characterized by the clear transition between one belt and another. Early and extra-early maturing varieties are strongly recommended for the Sudan savanna because of the low amount and duration of rainfall in the zone. On the eastern side of the continent, ancient Egypts links with the Sudan region were generally strong, notably with Nubia. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The trees there are lower and are not so diverse. The states of Edo, Lagos and Cross River are partly in this ecological region. There are many birds of prey, especially black African kites, there is also a bird-secretary, vultures, hawks, a rhinoceros bird. Chief Scientist, UNEP-WCMC (UN Environment Program World Conservation Monitoring Center). The solid stemmed bamboo Oxytenanthera abyssinica is prominent in the western river valleys of Ethiopia. National Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL) for the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Between the rain forest and the Guinea Savanna is a modified vegetation transition consisting of light deciduous forest and derive d savanna (Figure 2.2). This is because the rainy season does not last long. The Guinea savanna is a type of savanna that consists of tall grasses. Click the button below to launch One Earth's interactive navigator and discover your Bioregion! Constant cutting and burning out of crop plots led to a drastic reduction in the area of forests that now occupy about one-third of the territory. The eastern lies east of the Cameroon Highlands, and west of the Ethiopian Highlands. This type of area is good for rice farming, especially in areas that are stabilized and dont have a lot of salt marsh. Here, short grass abounds but trees are much fewer than that of the Guinea Savannah. With the first rains appear juicy shoots of young grass and green leaves. Bauchi is situated in northeastern Nigeria in the Sudan (dry) Savanna, a belt of vegetation that extends from Senegal to Sudan (Hepburn and Radloff, 1998). Giraffe. The Guinea savanna starts in the middle belt, or southern part of northern Nigeria. This distinguishing feature makes it a perfect choice for rich crops and even small grains. Trees with a height of 40-45 m form the first upper tier. Also, hippos live in the Lake of Chad, and a dwarf hippopotamus inhabits the delta of the Niger. Palm wine, a locally enjoyed drink is derived from the juice of the wine palm. Thus, the Sudan was linked with the Mediterranean coastlands, whose manufactured articles, together with Saharan salt, were exchanged for the gold, kola nuts, and slaves of Guinea. Freshwater is abundant in this area. North of the zone of the Guinea savanna the amount of precipitation decreases to 500-1000 mm and the dry period lasts more than six-seven months, and a zone of Sudanese savanna with a dense but low grass cover is located. Precipitation here is between 500-1000 mm per annum with a period of dryness lasting between 6-7 calendar months per year. All of them produce ornamental and construction timber. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The Savannah is the second biggest type of vegetation found in Nigeria. Mangrove vegetation depends on the coastal location of the zone, constant influence of saltish sea water. Blazin' Fiddles North, in or register, A smaller vegetation namely the isolated mountain vegetation of the high plateau regions can also be identified. The level of infestation was 60% in southern Guinea, 68% in Sudan and 74% in northern Guinea savanna. Annual rainfall here is 1000-1400 mm on the average. the largest found in the rainforest is luxuriant. Food like maize, rice, groundnut, and millet are grown in this region thereby providing food for humans. European penetration in the mid- and late 19th century was followed by the establishment of political control, principally that of the French and the British, which lasted until the emergence of independent states in the region during the 1950s and early 60s. These are the Mangrove Swamp, Rainforest, Derived savanna, Guinea savanna, Sudan savanna and Sahel savanna zones. They hardly grow higher than 10m and are prone to destruction by cultivation, clearing and bush burning. There are mainly two seasons here which are the rainy/wet season and the dry season. This is grassland zone but the slopes are covered by forests. About 68% of all fields sampled were infested, about 75% of compound fields and 60% of bush fields. [2], The Sudanian savanna is one of the three distinct physiographic provinces of the larger African Massive division. These trees are so big that they make up most of the countrys forest reserves. This blog post serves as a guide to the countrys different vegetation zones and their distinguishing characteristics. In this blog post, we have discussed Nigerias major vegetation zone. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.02.013, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Canadian International Development Agency, Registration of Strigaresistant and Droughttolerant tropical early maize populations TZEW Pop DT STR C4 and TZEY Pop DT STR C4, Analyses of soil physico chemical properties determining Striga hermonthica infestations and grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in nigerian Guinea and Sudan savannas. About 68% of all fields sampled were infested, about 75% of compound fields and 60% of bush fields. The reason these crops are suitable to be grown in the Sudan savanna is that they do not require much rainfall. Normally, there are periodic droughts and food shortages in the Sahel savanna due to a lack of adequate rainfall in the region. It is recognizable by the tall elephant grass where many large mammals are found. Biodun Fatoyinbo Biography, Career & Lots More, How to Get Pink Lips Naturally in Nigeria. The desert region, with hardly any rainfall, supports permanent vegetation only near . Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 116(3-4), 251-254. The independent Republic of the Sudan was created in 1956. Some other plants found here are baobabs, palms of doom, the whale, and the whitish acacia which sheds its leaves during the rainy season and grows fresh leaves during the dry season. With the first raindrop in this area, young grass shoots and green leaves begin to grow to keep the Guinea Savannah alive. May to October with an estimated total production of 8.5 million tones (12). However, there are still other minor vegetation zones. This type of vegetation can be found further in the inland far beyond tidal waters. The term vegetation simply means plants that cover or grow in a certain area. Areas covered by this vegetation type receive little rainfall to support plant growth. The different vegetation zones in Nigeria is as a result of the various climatic conditions across the country. The West Sudanian savanna runs from the Atlantic Ocean to eastern Nigeria. In Nigerian waters, you can meet crocodiles, especially in the tributary of Kaduna. Here, rainfall decreases between 500-1000 mm per year. MetaTrader 5 is it really the best terminal for traders working on the Forex market. Montane vegetation in Nigeria (mountain and plateaus vegetation) is not very developed due to the reason of low average temperatures and the significant impact of animals and man. " />, Read by 100,000+ Residents and Business Owners in Los Feliz, Silver Lake, Atwater Village, Echo Park & Hollywood Hills. The types of savanna in Nigeria would be addressed below: The Sudan savanna is a type of savanna found in Nigeria. In the eastern block, Boswellia papyrifera, Lannea schimperi and Stereospermum kunthianum also dominate the woody vegetation. IITA is the lead research partner facilitating agricultural solutions for hunger and poverty in the tropics. The East Sudanian savanna is the eastern half of the Sudanian savanna belt which runs east and west across Africa. Other components of the tropical rainforest of southern Nigeria are the coastal vegetation, riparian forest, mangrove forest, and lowland rainforest. Sudan Savanna In Nigeria, Sudan Savanna: This vegetation belt is found in Sokoto, Kastina, Kaduna, Kano, Dutse, Bauchi, etc. Nigerian savanna awakens. The grasses and the leaves of the trees in this region are always green and fresh during the short rainy season and extremely dry and brown during the dry season. Updates? Farms And Ranches For Sale Near To Bryan, Tx, Postprocedural Hyperparathyroidism Icd-10. Across the three ecozones, about 85% of fields planted to maize and sorghum were infested with S. hermonthica and 81% of cowpea fields with S. gesenerioides. In the Guinea and Sudan savannas of Nigeria, the length of the growing season depends on the first rain, which is highly variable 12. Dominant tree species are often belonging to the Combretaceae and Caesalpinioideae; some Acacia species are also important. The black rhinoceros will be re-introduced in Chad after being extirpated from this ecoregion decades ago along with the northern white rhino. With increasing levels of drought since the 1970s, pastoralists have needed to move southwards to search for grazing areas and have come into conflict with more settled agriculturalists. The trees of the second and third tiers are especially densely strewn with epiphytes, intertwined with lianas that rush towards the sun. Rafia gives fiber piassava, used for the manufacture of brushes. Once, a significant part of the territory was covered with dense tropical rainforests. The eastern giant eland still survives in good numbers in the Central African Republic, especially in the western regions of the country, out of reach from Sudanese poachers. In the north of the forest zone the annual amount of precipitation does not exceed 1600 mm, the conditions for forest growth are deteriorating. Once, a significant part of the territory was covered with dense tropical rainforests. Freshwater swamp forests areas are easily distinguished by their intense vegetation and network of lagoons and creeks. A field survey was conducted to ascertain the extent of infestation by Striga spp. and Azeez, I.O. They include plants like African myrrh and Acacia radiant. As a result, the annual rainfall lasts only about 3 to 4 months. A distinctive appearance of the landscape is given by different types of acacia with an umbellate crown and thorny bushes. In the rivers, a very rare mammal is found it is a sea cow. selected risk assessment techniques; plant uptake factor (PUF), soil-plant transfer coefficient (TC) and translocation factor (TF) of Pb and The effects of N fertilization on water use efficiency (WUE) and physiological and yield traits of sorghum were investigated in two locations over two cropping seasons (2014 and 2015) in the Sudan Savanna zone of Nigeria. "Please don't do this": Private sector begs Buhari as FG announces new taxes. Unless specified, this website is not in any way affiliated with any of the institutions featured. The annual rainfall is as high as 1,000 mm in the south, but declines to the north with only 600 mm found on the border with the Sahelian Acacia Savanna. The Sahel savanna is a savanna that is found in the northern part of the Guinea savanna. Sudan Savannah. After the Nubian empire had been overrun by Muslims, it was replaced by kingdoms such as those of Dongola, Darfur, and Funj. The leaves of the trees are always tiny looking. Island Press. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. We have been able to cover the notable vegetation zones in the country. 2015. The montane vegetation area in Nigeria is a region where mountainous forests are quite prevalent. In the forests the antelope dik-dik is found, its weight is about 3 kg. The northern reaches of the Sudan comprise the semiarid region known as the Sahel. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. . The savanna is one region in Nigeria that is covered with grasses and surrounded by forests. These zones are defined by the prevalent climatic conditions in the areas they occupy, with each being suitable for different economic activities. There are three major savannahs in Nigeria. Dominant grasses include tall species of Hyparrhenia, Cymbopogon, Echinochloa, Sorghum, and Pennisetum. The level of infestation of cereal fields by S. hermonthica was in the order of Sudan savanna > Northern Guinea > Southern Guinea. vegetation-type known as derived savanna. Here, short grass abounds but trees are much fewer than that of the Guinea Savannah. vegetation-type known as derived savanna. Poaching of wildlife, for example elephants, is particularly pronounced in politically unstable areas such as South Sudan. Still, the forests become sparse as you move north which leads to the beginning of the savannah vegetation. So how familiar are you with these vegetation zones in Nigeria? This vegetation zone is one of the worlds most productive ecosystems. The grass in the wild areas of this zone is quite tall, often exceeding five feet. The plots of these savannas alternate with the park savannas and border the banks of the rivers with gallery forests. The trees of this vegetation grow to a great height and provide cover for both large animals and humans to take cover. Almost half of the territory of Nigeria is occupied by a moist, so-called Guinean high-grass savanna. These seven vegetation zones are seen in different regions in the country. Natural resources and natural vegetation of Nigeria are favorable for economic activity. They provide the wood used in the manufacture of tool handles and canoes used for fishing and transportation. The acacia trees always have thorny bushes with an umbrella look. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Don't want to keep filling in name and email whenever you want to comment? It includes tropical forests in high mountains and multi-tiered tropical rainforests that are reserved. Feinstein Wildfire Bill, Some of the zones are significantly larger than others, with some being more human-friendly than others. What Time Zone Is Asia Pacific, The geography of the Sudan Savanna makes it very suitable for both animal and crop production. This paper performed the physicochemical and proximate analysis of the extracts isolated from Citrus sinensis from Dutsinma local government area of Katsina state in Nigeria. Corrections? Reasons why you shouldn't go to study in Canada, Fidelity Bank USSD Transfer Code (everything you need to know). Most large mammals are now very limited in range and numbers. Soil phosphorus and phosphate fixation. Groups of trees rise above the grassy sea: drought-resistant kaya, isoberlinia, mitragina. In the Sudan savanna, early season and terminal drought conditions are almost an annual event (Onyibe et al., 2006). It is a common sight for fire outbreaks to occur in the Sahel savanna. Due Date Based On Implantation Bleeding, One of the main vegetation zones in Nigeria is the freshwater swamp forest. The states of Jigawa, Kano, Katsina, Zamfara, Sokoto, and Kebbi are found in this zone. Labour Party Candidate Finally Open Up, Abdulsamad Rabiu beats Aliko Dangote as Nigeria's top 3 billionaires' wealth rises by over N184.1bn in April. They hardly grow higher than 10m and are prone to destruction by cultivation, clearing and bush burning. Phosphorus was applied at rate of 0 or 20 kg P ha 1. The rainfall might be adequate for cultivation were it not for the very high rate of evaporation, which makes irrigation essential in many areas. JavaScript is disabled for your browser. This method is not only labour intensive, expensive and strenuous, but can also cause mechanical damage to growing branches and roots of plants. The main crops grown are sorghum and millet which are suited to the low levels of rainfall. Fauna is all of the animal life of any particular region or time. A map of Nigeria showing the six ecological Zones. All names, acronyms, logos and trademarks displayed on this website are those of their respective owners. There are various vegetation zones in Nigeria, all determined by the prevailing climatic conditions across different parts of the country. The people of the Sudan are predominantly black, and, though these people are primarily Bantu-speaking, there is also a considerable admixture of Arabic- and Berber-speaking peoples, the degree of their influence decreasing westward and southward toward the Gulf of Guinea. There are 6 vegetation zones in Nigeria. the largest found in the rainforest is luxuriant. Much of the Sudan is a plateau between 1,000 and 1,500 feet (330 and 415 metres) above sea level, but there are many higher areas, sometimes exceeding 10,000 feet (3,050 metres), as in northern Ethiopia and in the west of Sudan (the country). The vegetation in the Sahel savanna is always dry. Herds of sheep, cattle, and goats can be found here grazing on vast pastures. The trees here grow up to a height of about 15m.